International Genetically Engineered Machine Competition
Prize-giving Ceremony (Hong Kong) on 22 February 2025
Our iGEM team (PLKLFC) in 2024 developed a research project focused on creating a targeted method for detecting and eliminating prostate cancer cells using a plasmid-based approach. We were honored to receive a Gold Medal in the competition for our work.
Prostate cancer is a prevalent disease, ranking as the third most common cancer among men in Hong Kong. Since over 80% of prostate cancer patients exhibit high PSMA (Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen) expression, our project leverages this characteristic to develop a dual-function medication: one for detection and another for treatment.
The first component of our project involves a plasmid designed to detect PSMA-positive prostate cancer cells. It contains a PSMA promoter and a gene that expresses a fluorescent protein called Gaussia luciferase (Gluc). When injected into the prostate gland, the plasmid activates in the presence of PSMA-overexpressing cancer cells, leading to the production of Gluc. This protein is then released into the patient’s urine, where its fluorescence can be measured to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
Building upon this detection system, we further modified the plasmid to include a therapeutic function. We replaced the PSMA promoter with a probasin promoter and added a gene that expresses BAX, a protein that induces apoptosis (programmed cell death). This modification allows the plasmid not only to detect cancer cells but also to trigger their destruction. The presence of cancer cells can still be monitored through Gluc detection, while BAX actively works to eliminate them.
Future research will focus on refining the delivery system for this plasmid-based treatment. Our team aims to develop a polymer and aptamer-based delivery method, as suggested by previous studies, to ensure precise targeting of the prostate gland. Ultimately, we aim to administer the medication through intramuscular injection, providing a minimally invasive, efficient, and targeted therapy for prostate cancer patients.
